floor() and ceil() Functions in Python

The Python floor() and ceil() functions are commonly used for rounding numbers, particularly floating-point numbers, to the nearest integer values. These functions are part of the math module, so you need to import the math module to use them.

1. math.floor() Function:

• The math.floor() function rounds a floating-point number down to the nearest integer that is less than or equal to the original number.
• It always returns a value that is less than or equal to the input number.

   import math

   number = 5.7
   rounded_down = math.floor(number)

   print(rounded_down)  # Output: 5

In this example, math.floor(5.7) rounds down to 5.

2. math.ceil() Function:

• The math.ceil() function rounds a floating-point number up to the nearest integer that is greater than or equal to the original number.
• It always returns a value that is greater than or equal to the input number.

   import math

   number = 5.2
   rounded_up = math.ceil(number)

   print(rounded_up)  # Output: 6

In this example, math.ceil(5.2) rounds up to 6.

These functions are particularly useful when you need to work with whole numbers and want to ensure that the result is rounded in a specific direction. They are commonly used in mathematical and scientific calculations where precision is important.