Spring Form-Based Authentication
Spring Security provides form-based authentication as a common way to authenticate users in web applications. Form-based authentication allows you to create a custom login form that users submit with their credentials. Here are the steps to implement form-based authentication using Spring Security in a Spring Boot application:
1. Create a Spring Boot Project:
If you haven’t already, create a Spring Boot project or use an existing one.
2. Add Spring Security Dependency:
In your project’s pom.xml (if using Maven) or build.gradle (if using Gradle), make sure you have the Spring Security dependency:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>3. Configure Spring Security for Form-Based Authentication:
Create a security configuration class that extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter and configure Spring Security to use form-based authentication. Define authentication and authorization rules as needed.
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/public/**").permitAll() // Allow access to public resources without authentication
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/login") // Set custom login page URL
.permitAll()
.and()
.logout()
.logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/logout"))
.permitAll()
.logoutSuccessUrl("/login?logout"); // Redirect after logout
}
@Bean
@Override
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
UserDetails user = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
.username("user")
.password("password")
.roles("USER")
.build();
return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user);
}
}In the configuration above:
- We configure form-based authentication using
.formLogin(). - We set the custom login page URL to
/loginwith.loginPage("/login"). - Users are redirected to
/login?logoutafter logging out. - The
userDetailsService()method defines a simple in-memory user for testing purposes. In a real application, you’d typically use a more robust authentication mechanism.
4. Create a Custom Login Page:
Create a custom login page (e.g., login.html) in your project’s src/main/resources/templates directory. Customize the page according to your design and requirements.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Login</h2>
<form action="/login" method="post">
<div>
<label for="username">Username</label>
<input type="text" id="username" name="username" required>
</div>
<div>
<label for="password">Password</label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password" required>
</div>
<div>
<button type="submit">Login</button>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>5. Test Form-Based Authentication:
Run your Spring Boot application and access the custom login page (e.g., http://localhost:8080/login). Users will log in using your custom login form.
Form-based authentication in Spring Security allows you to create a user-friendly and branded login experience while still benefiting from Spring Security’s authentication and security features.