Java Operators

Operators in Java are symbols or special tokens that perform operations on variables and values. Java provides a variety of operators that can be categorized into several groups based on their functionality. Here are the primary categories of operators in Java:

1. Arithmetic Operators:

• +: Addition
• -: Subtraction
• *: Multiplication
• /: Division
• %: Modulus (remainder)

1. Assignment Operators:

• =: Assignment
• +=: Addition assignment
• -=: Subtraction assignment
• *=: Multiplication assignment
• /=: Division assignment
• %=: Modulus assignment

1. Increment/Decrement Operators:

• ++: Increment by 1
• --: Decrement by 1

1. Comparison Operators (Relational Operators):

• ==: Equal to
• !=: Not equal to
• >: Greater than
• <: Less than
• >=: Greater than or equal to
• <=: Less than or equal to

1. Logical Operators:

• &&: Logical AND
• ||: Logical OR
• !: Logical NOT

1. Bitwise Operators:

• &: Bitwise AND
• |: Bitwise OR
• ^: Bitwise XOR (exclusive OR)
• ~: Bitwise NOT (complement)
• <<: Left shift
• >>: Right shift (signed)
• >>>: Right shift (unsigned)

1. Conditional Operator (Ternary Operator):

• ? :: Conditional (Ternary) Operator
  • condition ? expression1 : expression2
  • If the condition is true, it evaluates to expression1; otherwise, it evaluates to expression2.

1. Instanceof Operator:

• instanceof: Tests if an object is an instance of a particular class or interface.

1. Type Cast Operator:

• (type): Used to cast or convert a value from one data type to another.

1. Other Operators:
   • []: Array access (used to access elements in an array)
   • .: Member access (used to access members of a class or object)
   • new: Object creation
   • ::: Method reference
   • ::: Method reference to an instance method of an object

Here’s an example that demonstrates the use of various operators in Java:

public class OperatorExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10, b = 5;
        boolean condition = true;

        // Arithmetic operators
        int sum = a + b;
        int difference = a - b;
        int product = a * b;
        int division = a / b;
        int remainder = a % b;

        // Assignment operators
        a += 5; // Equivalent to a = a + 5

        // Increment and decrement operators
        a++;
        b--;

        // Comparison operators
        boolean isEqual = (a == b);
        boolean isGreaterThan = (a > b);

        // Logical operators
        boolean andResult = condition && (a > b);
        boolean orResult = condition || (a > b);
        boolean notResult = !condition;

        System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);
        System.out.println("Difference: " + difference);
        System.out.println("Product: " + product);
        System.out.println("Division: " + division);
        System.out.println("Remainder: " + remainder);
        System.out.println("Incremented a: " + a);
        System.out.println("Is a equal to b? " + isEqual);
        System.out.println("Is a greater than b? " + isGreaterThan);
        System.out.println("Logical AND result: " + andResult);
        System.out.println("Logical OR result: " + orResult);
        System.out.println("Logical NOT result: " + notResult);
    }
}

Operators play a crucial role in Java programming for performing a wide range of operations, from simple arithmetic calculations to complex logical and bitwise manipulations.