Send SMS in Android
To send an SMS (Short Message Service) in an Android app, you can use the SMSManager class. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to send an SMS in Android:
1. Add Permissions:
In your AndroidManifest.xml file, add the necessary permissions for sending SMS.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />2. Request Permission (if targeting Android 6.0 and above):
If your app targets Android 6.0 (API level 23) or higher, you need to request the SEND_SMS permission at runtime. You can request it like this:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS}, REQUEST_SEND_SMS);
return;
}
}Make sure to handle the permission request result in the onRequestPermissionsResult method.
3. Send SMS:
You can send an SMS using the SmsManager class. Here’s an example of how to send an SMS when a button is clicked:
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsManager;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final int REQUEST_SEND_SMS = 123;
private EditText phoneNumberEditText, messageEditText;
private Button sendButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
phoneNumberEditText = findViewById(R.id.phoneNumberEditText);
messageEditText = findViewById(R.id.messageEditText);
sendButton = findViewById(R.id.sendButton);
sendButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
sendSMS();
}
});
}
private void sendSMS() {
String phoneNumber = phoneNumberEditText.getText().toString();
String message = messageEditText.getText().toString();
if (!phoneNumber.isEmpty() && !message.isEmpty()) {
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
smsManager.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, null, null);
Toast.makeText(this, "SMS sent successfully", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
// Permission not granted, request it
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS}, REQUEST_SEND_SMS);
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "Please enter a phone number and message", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_SEND_SMS) {
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
sendSMS();
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission denied. SMS not sent.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
}In this example:
- We create an
OnClickListenerfor the “Send” button to call thesendSMSmethod. - In the
sendSMSmethod, we retrieve the phone number and message fromEditTextfields. - We check if the
SEND_SMSpermission is granted. If not, we request it. - If the permission is granted, we use
SmsManagerto send the SMS and display a success message.
4. Layout XML:
Create an XML layout file for your activity. Here’s a simple example:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/phoneNumberEditText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Phone Number" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/messageEditText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Message" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/sendButton"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Send" />
</LinearLayout>5. Testing:
Run your app on a physical Android device or emulator. Enter a phone number and message, then click the “Send” button to send the SMS.
Make sure to handle permissions and permission requests correctly, especially for Android 6.0 and above.