C++ While Loop

The C++ while loop is a control structure that allows you to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. Here’s the basic syntax of a while loop:

while (condition) {
    // Code to be executed repeatedly as long as 'condition' is true
}

Here’s how the while loop works:

1. The condition is evaluated first. If it’s true, the code block inside the loop is executed.
2. After the code block is executed, the condition is evaluated again.
3. If the condition is still true, the code block is executed again, and this process continues until the condition becomes false.
4. Once the condition becomes false, the loop terminates, and program control moves to the next statement after the while loop.

Here’s a simple example of a while loop that counts from 1 to 5:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int i = 1;
    while (i <= 5) {
        std::cout << i << " ";
        i++;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

In this example, the loop starts with i equal to 1. The while loop continues to execute as long as i is less than or equal to 5. Inside the loop, i is printed, and then it is incremented by 1 (i++). The loop continues until i becomes 6, at which point the condition becomes false, and the loop terminates.

Remember that you need to ensure that the condition in a while loop eventually becomes false; otherwise, the loop will run indefinitely, causing a program to hang.

You can also use the while loop with different types of conditions, including conditions that involve user input, calculations, or variables that change during the loop’s execution. The while loop provides a flexible way to perform repetitive tasks in your C++ programs.