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Matrix Multiplication in C++

Matrix multiplication is a fundamental operation in linear algebra, and you can perform matrix multiplication in C++ using nested loops. Here’s a simple example of how to multiply two matrices:

C++
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int rowsA, colsA, rowsB, colsB;

    // Input dimensions of the first matrix (A)
    std::cout << "Enter the number of rows and columns of matrix A: ";
    std::cin >> rowsA >> colsA;

    // Input dimensions of the second matrix (B)
    std::cout << "Enter the number of rows and columns of matrix B: ";
    std::cin >> rowsB >> colsB;

    if (colsA != rowsB) {
        std::cout << "Matrix multiplication is not possible. The number of columns in A must be equal to the number of rows in B." << std::endl;
        return 1; // Exit with an error code
    }

    // Initialize matrices A and B
    int A[rowsA][colsA], B[rowsB][colsB];

    // Input matrix A
    std::cout << "Enter elements of matrix A:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rowsA; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < colsA; ++j) {
            std::cin >> A[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Input matrix B
    std::cout << "Enter elements of matrix B:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rowsB; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < colsB; ++j) {
            std::cin >> B[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Initialize the result matrix (C) with zeros
    int C[rowsA][colsB] = {0};

    // Perform matrix multiplication
    for (int i = 0; i < rowsA; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < colsB; ++j) {
            for (int k = 0; k < colsA; ++k) {
                C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
            }
        }
    }

    // Display the result matrix (C)
    std::cout << "Result matrix C:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rowsA; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < colsB; ++j) {
            std::cout << C[i][j] << " ";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

In this program:

  1. The user is prompted to enter the dimensions of two matrices, A and B.
  2. The program checks if the dimensions are valid for multiplication (i.e., the number of columns in A must be equal to the number of rows in B). If not, it prints an error message and exits.
  3. Matrices A and B are initialized and filled with user input.
  4. Matrix C, the result of multiplication, is initialized with zeros.
  5. Matrix multiplication is performed using nested loops. The result is stored in matrix C.
  6. The program displays the result matrix C.

Compile and run this program to perform matrix multiplication with your input matrices A and B.

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